Andrographis paniculata
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Species name: '
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- Species identity and nomenclature
- Current Wikipedia entry
- Binomial Classification
- Morphological features
- Habitat and Geographical Spread
- Medicinal Importance
- Cultural significance
- Commercial importance and cultivation
- Summary of PubMed articles
- Summary of NCBI molecular data
- External Links
- Images and Videos
| Parameter | Value(s) | References See complete references in the References section at the end |
|---|---|---|
| Names of users who have contributed to this species page | ||
| Date on which this page was first created | ||
| This page was last modified on: | 2 December 2010 16:14:02, 14 November 2010 14:52:16, 19 November 2010 04:32:13, 24 November 2010 04:02:47, 20 November 2010 18:29:20, 28 November 2010 06:07:47, 1 December 2010 06:12:28, 1 December 2010 06:31:46, 10 February 2011 04:59:12, 1 December 2010 05:54:23, 30 November 2010 05:13:39, 6 September 2010 14:31:52, 20 March 2011 23:49:28, 4 December 2010 23:07:36, 17 February 2011 21:20:53, 14 December 2010 18:18:59, 11 December 2010 05:05:47, 6 September 2010 14:34:23, 6 September 2010 14:35:41, 6 September 2010 14:36:19, 6 September 2010 14:36:55, 6 September 2010 14:49:24, 6 September 2010 14:48:10, 26 December 2010 16:22:36, 6 September 2010 14:53:23, 17 March 2011 01:02:54, 20 February 2011 18:19:20, 20 February 2011 18:20:37, 24 November 2010 03:57:42, 17 March 2011 01:03:08, 17 March 2011 01:03:29, 2 October 2010 05:34:34, 23 November 2010 03:59:22, 26 February 2011 15:17:38, 26 February 2011 15:30:47, 26 February 2011 15:41:14, 5 March 2011 03:47:10, 2 March 2011 22:16:15, 2 March 2011 22:20:18, 6 September 2010 14:58:10, 22 November 2010 04:25:02, 24 November 2010 02:40:07, 17 March 2011 00:59:06, 17 March 2011 21:59:59, 19 March 2011 00:21:33, 20 August 2011 05:06:21, 19 March 2011 00:49:40, 30 March 2011 00:42:50, 13 December 2010 23:18:13, 1 December 2010 13:49:49 … further results"w:{{{species name}}}" cannot be used as a page name in this wiki. | |
| Name of the species | ' | |
| ID on Encyclopedia of Life | ||
| Synonyms | Please check Binomial Classification section for synonyms. | |
| Common English Names | ||
| Common Hindi Names | ||
| Common Indian names | ||
| Origins/Meanings of the common names |
Taxonomy from Encyclopedia of Life
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Taxonomy filled in form
Click here for the PDF of the phylogeny
| Taxon | Value |
|---|---|
| Regnum (Kingdom) | Plantae |
| Division | ' |
| Class | ' |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Acanthaceae |
| Genus | Andrographis |
| Source of data | ' |
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| Order | Taxon details | Taxon morphology details |
|---|---|---|
| Lamiales | Species in this order probably arose ~70-100 million years ago based on various estimates. Lamiales contain ~12% of eudicot diversity. Well-known or economically important members of this order include lavender, lilac, olive, jasmine, the ash tree, teak, snapdragon, sesame, psyllium, and a number of table herbs such as mint, basil, and rosemary. | Members of this species are herbaceous or shrubby, have mono-symmetric flowers and numerous small seeds. Species in this order typically have the following characteristics, although there are exceptions to all of them - 1) superior ovary composed of two fused carpels 2) five petals fused into a tube 3) bilaterally symmetrical, often bilabiate corollas and 4) four (or fewer) fertile stamens |
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| Family | Taxon details | Taxon morphology details |
|---|---|---|
| Acanthaceae | The family Acanthaceae (or Acanthus family) is one of the most successful Angiosperm dicot taxon. It contains almost 250 genera and 2500-4000 species. These species are mostly distributed in the tropics as herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. The representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, in scrublands, on wet fields and valleys, at the sea coast and in marine areas, and in swamps and as an element of mangrove woods. | Plants in this family have simple, opposite, decussate leaves with entire (or sometimes toothed, lobed, or spiny) margins, and without stipules. The leaves may contain cystoliths, calcium carbonate concretions, seen as streaks on the surface.
The flowers are perfect, zygomorphic to nearly actinomorphic, and arranged in an inflorescence that is either a spike, raceme, or cyme. Typically there is a colorful bract subtending each flower; in some species the bract is large and showy. The calyx is usually 4-5 lobed; the corolla tubular, 2-lipped or 5-lobed; stamens either 2 or 4 arranged in pairs and inserted on the corolla; and the ovary superior, 2-carpellate, with axile placentation. The fruit is a two-celled capsule, dehiscing somewhat explosively. In most species, the seeds are attached to a small, hooked stalk (a modified funiculus called a jaculator) that ejects them from the capsule. |
Based on classification
| Family | Taxon details | Taxon morphology details |
|---|---|---|
| Acanthaceae | The family Acanthaceae (or Acanthus family) is one of the most successful Angiosperm dicot taxon. It contains almost 250 genera and 2500-4000 species. These species are mostly distributed in the tropics as herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. The representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, in scrublands, on wet fields and valleys, at the sea coast and in marine areas, and in swamps and as an element of mangrove woods. | Plants in this family have simple, opposite, decussate leaves with entire (or sometimes toothed, lobed, or spiny) margins, and without stipules. The leaves may contain cystoliths, calcium carbonate concretions, seen as streaks on the surface.
The flowers are perfect, zygomorphic to nearly actinomorphic, and arranged in an inflorescence that is either a spike, raceme, or cyme. Typically there is a colorful bract subtending each flower; in some species the bract is large and showy. The calyx is usually 4-5 lobed; the corolla tubular, 2-lipped or 5-lobed; stamens either 2 or 4 arranged in pairs and inserted on the corolla; and the ovary superior, 2-carpellate, with axile placentation. The fruit is a two-celled capsule, dehiscing somewhat explosively. In most species, the seeds are attached to a small, hooked stalk (a modified funiculus called a jaculator) that ejects them from the capsule. |
More details can be found in the Binomial Classification section.
Morphology from Encyclopedia of Life
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General morphology
| Parameter | Value(s) | References See complete references in the References section at the end |
|---|---|---|
| General morphological features of the plant |
| Seed dispersal mechanism | ||
|---|---|---|
| Bloom type | ||
| Life cycle of the plant |
How to identify this species
For a detailed description, refer to the General Morphology details above
| Parameter | Value(s) | References See complete references in the References section at the end |
|---|---|---|
| Type of plant | Herb | |
| Plant height | ||
| Flower color | White | |
| Flower shape | ||
| Floral symmetry | ||
| Phyllotaxy of leaves | ||
| Leaf shape | ||
| Is the leaf petiolated or sessile? | ||
| Is the leaf simple or compound? |
| Parameter | Value(s) | References See complete references in the References section at the end |
|---|---|---|
| IUCN Conservation Status | ||
| Indian States in which the species has been documented | Assam,Andhra Pradesh,Bihar,Delhi,Goa,Gujarat,Jharkhand,Karnataka,Kerala,Madhya Pradesh,Maharashtra,Orissa,Rajasthan,Tamil Nadu,Uttar Pradesh,West Bengal | |
| Locations at which the species has been documented | ||
| Biotic zones inhabited | West Coast, Indo-Gangetic Plain | |
| Details about the habitat | ||
| Is this species native to India? | Yes | wiki |
| Is the species indigenous/endemic to Sub-Himalayan regions? | ||
| Is the species indigenous/endemic to Western Ghats? | ||
| Is the species indigenous/endemic to Eastern Ghats? |
More plants native to India
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| Parameter | Value(s) | References See complete references in the References section at the end |
|---|---|---|
| Does this species have any medicinal use? | Yes |
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Other plants of the same family having medicinal use:
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| Parameter | Value(s) | References See complete references in the References section at the end |
|---|---|---|
| General types of ailments this species is used for treating | Pains and Inflammation | |
| Specific ailments for which the species is used | ||
| Medicinal systems which use this plant | Ayurveda | |
| Details of Medicinal use | ||
| Parts of the plant used for treatment | Fruit | |
| Names of some medicinal active compounds in this plant, if known. | ||
| Details of the active chemical compounds found in this plant | ||
| Is the molecular basis of the medicinal action known? | ||
| Details of molecular basis of action | ||
| Are the toxic effects of consumption of this plant known? | ||
| Details of the toxic effects of the plant species | ||
| Have there been validation/clinical studies related to this plant? | ||
| Details of the clinical studies related to the plant species |
| Parameter | Value(s) | References See complete references in the References section at the end |
|---|---|---|
| Is this plant/plant-derived product used in food preparations? | ||
| Part(s) of the plant used in the food preparations | ||
| Details of use in food preparations | ||
| Does this species have any religious significance? | ||
| Religions which mention/give significance to this species | ||
| Religious occasions | ||
| Details of religious use |
| Parameter | Value(s) | References See complete references in the References section at the end |
|---|---|---|
| Is this plant cultivated commercially in India? | ||
| Uses for which the plant is commercially cultivated | Medicinal use | |
| Plant parts of commercial value | ||
| Products where this plant is used | User-reported | |
| Description of use | ||
| States where this plant is cultivated commercially | ||
| Best period for planting this plant | ||
| Best period for harvesting this plant | ||
| Method of propagation | ||
| Water requirement of this plant | ||
| Pests and Diseases affecting this plant during cultivation | ||
| Other considerations while cultivating this plant |
Pubmed Word cloud
This word cloud is obtained using the tool LigerCat by searching the Pubmed database. LigerCat builds the cloud from the most relevant Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms. Each term's relative size indicates how many times it appears in the PubMed search results. Click on a term to access the full LigerCat cloud, with live PubMed search capabilities. LigerCat has been developed for the Biology of Aging Project.
The page may take some time to load since LigerCat is searching the entire PubMed database and sending us the results in real time.
- If there is an error message below, it means that there is no retrievable information available on NCBI
- If the number of nucleotide sequences is less than 100, very little genomic work has been done on this species. A respectable number of nucleotide sequences is above 10000.
- Most of the nucleotide sequences may come from three sources:
- Studies on single genes, where people try to sequence genes such as some specific dehydrogenases important,say, for tannin production
- Sequences of Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer, whose sequence is used for generating molecular phylogenetic trees to establish species relationships
- Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) which can tell about which genes are present and expressed in the species at a particular time in the given tissue
{{#queryDB:taxonomy |{{{species name}}} }}
| Parameter | Value(s) | References See complete references in the References section at the end |
|---|---|---|
| Details of modern scientific knowledge available for this species | 1> cancer: https://www.thieme-connect.com/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0030-1250039 : Planta Medica, 2010 Jun 10
this paper demonstrates that andrographolide a major constituent of Andrographis paniculata suppressed the invasion ability of CT26 cells in Matrigel-based invasion assays. Andrographolide shown to inhibit matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) activity without affecting its expression. It also to play role in attenuation of activation of ERK, but not Akt pathways. 2> Phytochemistry Volume 71, Issues 11-12, August 2010, Pages 1298-1304 This paper talks about Biosynthesis of andrographolide in Andrographis paniculata ... 3> Chinese Medicine 2010, 5:17 http://www.cmjournal.org/content/5/1/17 An extensive review about the Bioactivities of compounds derived from A. paniculata also their effect on different cellular processes. |
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| Are herbarium specimen available for this species? | ||
| Institutes having herbarium samples |
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References
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